Cattle are a valuable resource for the agricultural industry, but they are exposed to a variety of diseases that can affect their health and productivity. In this article, we will explore some of the most common diseases in cattle.

Mastitis in cattle: Symptoms and causes

Mastitis is an inflammation of the udder that reduces milk production and can affect food hygiene. Mastitis can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Symptoms include swelling, pain, and redness of the udder.

Microbiology varies depending on the type and location:

1.1 Staphylococcus is more frequent in commercial farms.
1.2 E.coli, Proteus, and Candida albicans are more common in the rest.
1.3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa is more prevalent in desert climates.

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is a neurodegenerative disease caused, according to the majority opinion, by abnormal proteins called prions that accumulate in the brain and spinal cord of animals. Spongiform encephalopathies are known in many mammalian species (primates, sheep, goats, horses, and humans) on all continents. The research into their etiology and pathogenesis is still advancing slowly.

Foot-and-mouth disease

Foot-and-mouth disease (Aphthous fever) is a highly contagious viral disease that can affect cloven-hoofed animals, including cattle. The disease can cause fever, blisters in the mouth, hooves, and weight loss. Prevention includes the use of vaccines and control of livestock movement. Efforts in early detection and rapid response are fundamental to containing any outbreak.

Bovine pneumonia

Bovine pneumonia is a common respiratory disease in cattle that can be caused by bacteria and viruses. Symptoms include fever, coughing, and difficulty breathing. Prevention includes vaccination and management of sick animals to minimize their spread.

Anaplasmosis

Anaplasmosis is a disease caused by anaplasma marginale transmitted by ticks that can cause anemia and coagulation problems in cattle. Prevention through early detection and rapid treatment is fundamental to prevent its spread.

Bovine viral diarrhea

Bovine viral diarrhea is a viral disease that affects calves and can cause diarrhea, dehydration, and weight loss. Prevention involves proper management of livestock, good hygiene, and vaccination of calves.

In conclusion, prevention and early diagnosis are fundamental to preventing and controling common diseases in cattle. Producers should work in collaboration with veterinarians and other animal health professionals to ensure the health and welfare of their livestock.